253 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
253 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
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# Install and Deploy - Linux
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This article will walk you through the procedure to install and deploy Bitwarden to your own Linux server. Bitwarden can also be installed and deployed on [Windows](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/install-on-premise-windows/) machines.
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## System specifications
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| | Minimum | Recommended |
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| -------------- | ---------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
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| Processor | x64, 1.4GHz | x64, 2GHz dual core |
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| Memory | 2GB RAM | 4GB RAM |
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| Storage | 12GB | 25GB |
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| Docker Version | Engine 19+ and Compose 1.24+ | Engine 19+ and Compose 1.24+ |
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> #### **TIP**
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>
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> If you are looking for a quality provider with affordable prices, we recommend DigitalOcean. [Get started today](https://marketplace.digitalocean.com/apps/bitwarden) or read our [blog post about Bitwarden on DigitalOcean](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#blog/digitalocean-marketplace/).
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## TL;DR
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The following is a summary of the installation procedure in this article. Links in this section will jump to detailed **Installation procedure** sections:
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[**Configure your domain**](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#software-install/bitwarden/#configure-your-domain). Set DNS records for a domain name pointing to your machine, and open ports 80 and 443 on the machine.
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[**Install Docker and Docker Compose**](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#software-install/bitwarden/#install-docker-and-docker-compose) on your machine.
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[**Create a Bitwarden user & directory**](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#software-install/bitwarden/#create-bitwarden-local-user--directory) from which to complete installation.
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Retrieve an installation id and key from [**https://bitwarden.com/host**](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#host/) for use in installation.
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> For more information, see [What are my installation id and installation key used for?](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/hosting-faqs/#general)
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[**Install Bitwarden**](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#software-install/bitwarden/#install-bitwarden) on your machine.
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[**Configure your environment**](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#software-install/bitwarden/#post-install-configuration) by adjusting settings in `./bwdata/env/global.override.env`.
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> #### **TIP**
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>
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> At a minimum, configure the `globalSettings__mail__smtp...` variables to setup an email server for inviting and verifying users.
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[**Start your instance**](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#software-install/bitwarden/#start-bitwarden).
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Test your installation by opening your configured domain in a web browser.
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Once deployed, we recommend regularly [backing up your server](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/backup-on-premise/) and [checking for system updates](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/updating-on-premise/).
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# Installation procedure
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## Configure your domain
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By default, Bitwarden will be served through ports 80 (`http`) and 443 (`https`) on the host machine. Open these ports so that Bitwarden can be accessed from within and/or outside of the network. You may opt to choose different ports during installation.
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We recommend configuring a domain name with DNS records that point to your host machine (for example, `bitwarden.example.com`), especially if you are serving Bitwarden over the internet.
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## Install Docker and Docker Compose
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Bitwarden will be deployed and run on your machine using an array of [Docker containers](https://docs.docker.com/get-started/). Bitwarden can be run with any Docker edition or plan. Evaluate which edition is best for your installation.
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Deployment of containers is orchestrated using [Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/). Some Docker installations, including Docker for macOS, come with Docker Compose already installed.
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**Install Docker and Docker Compose on your machine before proceeding with installation.** Refer to the following Docker documentation for help:
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[Install Docker Engine](https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/)
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[Install Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/)
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## Create Bitwarden local user & directory
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We recommend configuring your Linux server with a dedicated `bitwarden` service account, from which to install and run Bitwarden. Doing so will isolate your Bitwarden instance from other applications running on your server.
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**These steps are Bitwarden-recommended best practices, but are not required.** For more information, see Docker's [Post-installation steps for Linux](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/linux-postinstall/) documentation.
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Create a bitwarden user:
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```
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sudo adduser bitwarden
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```
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Set password for bitwarden user (strong password):
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```
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sudo passwd bitwarden
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```
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Create a docker group (if it doesn't already exist):
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```
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sudo groupadd docker
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```
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Add the bitwarden user to the docker group:
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```
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sudo usermod -aG docker bitwarden
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```
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Create a bitwarden directory:
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```
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sudo mkdir /opt/bitwarden
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```
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Set permissions for the `/opt/bitwarden` directory:
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```
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sudo chmod -R 700 /opt/bitwarden
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```
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Set the bitwarden user as owner of the `/opt/bitwarden` directory:
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```
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sudo chown -R bitwarden:bitwarden /opt/bitwarden
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```
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## Install Bitwarden
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Bitwarden provides a shell script for easy installation on Linux and macOS (Bash), or Windows (PowerShell). Complete the following steps to install Bitwarden using the shell script:
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> #### **TIP**
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>
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> If you have [created a Bitwarden user & directory](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#software-install/bitwarden/#create-bitwarden-local-user--directory), complete the following as the `bitwarden` user from the `/opt/bitwarden` directory.
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Download the Bitwarden installation script (`bitwarden.sh`) to your machine:
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```
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curl -Lso bitwarden.sh https://go.btwrdn.co/bw-sh && chmod 700 bitwarden.sh
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```
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Run the installer script. A `./bwdata` directory will be created relative to the location of `bitwarden.sh`.
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```
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./bitwarden.sh install
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```
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Complete the prompts in the installer:
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**Enter the domain name for your Bitwarden instance:**
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Typically, this value should be the configured DNS record.
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**Do you want to use Let's Encrypt to generate a free SSL certificate? (y/n):**
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Specify `y` to generate a trusted SSL certificate using Let's Encrypt. You will be prompted to enter an email address for expiration reminders from Let's Encrypt. For more information, see [Certificate Options](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/certificates/).
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Alternatively, specify `n` and use the **Do you have a SSL certificate to use?** option.
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**Enter your installation id:**
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Retrieve an installation id using a valid email at [https://bitwarden.com/host](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#host/). For more information, see [what are my installation id and installation key used for?](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/hosting-faqs/#general)
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**Enter your installation key:**
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Retrieve an installation key using a valid email at [https://bitwarden.com/host](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#host/). For more information, see [What are my installation id and installation key used for?](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/hosting-faqs/#general)
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**Do you have a SSL certificate to use? (y/n):**
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If you already have your own SSL certificate, specify `y` and place the necessary files in the `./bwdata/ssl/your.domain` directory. You will be asked whether it is a trusted SSL certificate (y/n). For more information, see [Certificate Options](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/certificates/).
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Alternatively, specify `n` and use the **self-signed SSL certificate?** option, which is only recommended for testing purposes.
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**Do you want to generate a self-signed SSL certificate? (y/n):**
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Specify `y` to have Bitwarden generate a self-signed certificate for you. This option is only recommended for testing. For more information, see [Certificate Options](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/certificates/).
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If you specify `n`, your instance will not use an SSL certificate and you will be required to front your installation with a HTTPS proxy, or else Bitwarden applications will not function properly.
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# Post-install configuration
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Configuring your environment can involve making changes to two files; an [environment variables file](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#software-install/bitwarden/#environment-variables) and an [installation file](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#software-install/bitwarden/#installation-configuration):
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## Environment variables (_required_)
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Some features of Bitwarden are not configured by the `bitwarden.sh` script. Configure these settings by editing the environment file, located at `./bwdata/env/global.override.env`. **At a minimum, you should replace the values for:**
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```
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...
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globalSettings__mail__smtp__host=<placeholder>
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globalSettings__mail__smtp__port=<placeholder>
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globalSettings__mail__smtp__ssl=<placeholder>
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globalSettings__mail__smtp__username=<placeholder>
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globalSettings__mail__smtp__password=<placeholder>
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...
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adminSettings__admins=
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...
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```
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Replace `globalSettings__mail__smtp...=` placeholders to connect to the SMTP mail server that will be used to send verification emails to new users and invitations to organizations. Adding an email address to `adminSettings__admins=` will provision access to the admin portal.
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After editing `global.override.env`, run the following command to apply your changes:
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```
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./bitwarden.sh restart
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```
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## Installation file
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The Bitwarden installation script uses settings in `./bwdata/config.yml` to generate the necessary assets for installation. Some installation scenarios (such as installations behind a proxy with alternate ports) may require adjustments to `config.yml` that were not provided during standard installation.
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Edit `config.yml` as necessary and apply your changes by running:
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```
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./bitwarden.sh rebuild
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```
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## Start Bitwarden
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Once you have completed all previous steps, start your Bitwarden instance:
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```
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./bitwarden.sh start
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```
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## note
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The first time you start Bitwarden it may take some time as it downloads all of the images from Docker Hub.
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Verify that all containers are running correctly:
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```
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docker ps
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```
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Congratulations! Bitwarden is now up and running at `https://your.domain.com`. Visit the web vault in your web browser to confirm that it's working.
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You may now register a new account and log in. You will need to have configured `smtp` environment variables (see [Environment Variables](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/environment-variables/)) in order to verify the email for your new account.
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> #### **TIP**
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> Once deployed, we recommend regularly [backing up your server](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/backup-on-premise/) and [checking for system updates](https://wiki.zenndev.xyz/#help/updating-on-premise/).
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## Script commands reference
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The Bitwarden installation script (`bitwarden.sh` or `bitwarden.ps1`) has the following commands available:
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## note
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PowerShell users will run the commands with a prefixed `-` (switch). For example `.\bitwarden.ps1 -start`.
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| Command | Description |
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| install | Start the installer. |
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| start | Start all containers. |
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| restart | Restart all containers (same as start). |
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| stop | Stop all containers. |
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| update | Update all containers and the database. |
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| updatedb | Update/initialize the database. |
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| updaterun | Update the `run.sh` file. |
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| updateself | Update this main script. |
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| updateconf | Update all containers without restarting the running instance. |
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| uninstall | Before this command executes, you will be prompted to save database files. `y` will create a tarfile of your database including the most recent backup. Stops containers, deletes the `bwdata` directory and all its contents, and removes ephemeral volumes. After executing, you will be asked whether you also want to purge all Bitwarden images. |
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| renewcert | Renew certificates. |
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| rebuild | Rebuild generated installation assets from `config.yml`. |
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| help | List all commands. |
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